SPECIFIC GERIATRIC SYNDROME: IMMOBILITY

Introduction:

Mobility is essential to have autonomy, being an essential component in the life of man.

Factors:

-        Skill and motor skills

-        Cognitive and sensory-perceptual

-        Health or confidence level

-        External environmental and personal resources

Characterized:

-        Marked reduction in exercise tolerance

-        Progressive muscle weakness

-        Loss of automatic and postural reflexes that enable ambulation

Epidemiology:

Inmobility increases with age. Half of wich are immobilized on die actuely 6 month.

Cause of immobility in the elderly:

-        Physiological changes

-        Recurrent disease (osteoarthritis, arthritis, osteoporosis, hip fracutras, Parkinson, visual deficit, depression, diabetes, anemia, cancer in terminal phase)

-        Environmental causes

Valuation nurse:

-        initial situation

-        apparition form and degree of immobility

-        history pharmacological

-        Detect risk factors for immobility

-        Analyze psychosocial factors

-        Knowledge of social resources: OARS Scale

-        Assess environmental conditions

Exploration:

-        Postural changes and drives

-        Examine the bed mobility, ability to turn and join the sitting position

-        Evaluate the realization of transfers from bed to chair...

-        Assess gait and balance

General care:

▪ Prevention of skin problems:

-        Repositioning:

o       Make changes carefully

o       Divide your body weight in patients

o       Lying make the change every 1-2 hours

-        Hygiene

-        Massage

-        Padded

-        Contribution of liquids

▪ Prevention of complications:

-        Prevention of musculo-skeletal complications

-        Prevention of cardiovascular

-        Prevention of respiratory complications:

o       The bedridden patient is advised to keep the head of the bed elevated.

o       In uncooperative patients ket establish drainage postural

o       The nurse can use the clapping, it only has effect on mucus organized mass

-        Prevention of gastrointestinal complications

-        Prevention of genitourinary complications

-        Prevention of psychological problems

Progressive mobility:

-        Bedridden patient

-        Sitting on chair

-        Standing

-        Ambulation

-        Maintenance

Technical Aids:

-        Auxiliary elements for mobilization

o       cane

o       crutches

o       walker

-        Home adaptations

o       Stairs

o       Doors

o       Furniture

o       The height of the bed

People at risk for immobility syndrome:

▪ Elderly Sedentary: not incorporated in their everyday activity vigorous physical exercise

▪ Elderly fragile: has limited their extra activities, while maintaining an appropriate level for community


Personal reflection:

The mobility of the patients depends on themselves and the environment around them.

Explain to the patient that immobility anger increasing with age.

Encouragement always follows a healthy lifestyle, such as acute immobility can lead to death within six months.

Avoid potential complications of body systems

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Doctor en Ciencias Médicas. Especialista de II Grado en Medicina Interna. Especialista de II Grado en Geriatría y Gerontología. Profesor Titular. Investigador Auxiliar. Hospital General Universitario “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima”. Cienfuego. 2010. Revisado en: http://www.insp.mx/geriatria/acervo/pdf/Romero%20cabrera.pdf